期刊
JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
卷 32, 期 4, 页码 511-526出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2013.09.002
关键词
Epipaleolithic; Burial; Foodways; Mount Carmel; Zooarchaeology; Contextual taphonomy; Feasting
The archaeology of mortuary practices and related foodways in the Late Natufian (LN; ca. 14,000/13,500-11,700 BP) sheds light on the communal activities of the last hunter-gatherers in the Mediterranean Levant. We present a detailed analysis of the fauna from the LN cemetery of Ragefet Cave (Mount Carmel, Israel). Taphonomic evidence indicates that the animal bones are butchery and consumption leftovers. While the patterns of animal exploitation are reminiscent of Natufian habitation sites, the remains do not reflect the typical recurring post-discard damage resulting from continuous or repeating habitations in those sites. Hence the fauna is interpreted as the leftovers of punctuated, short-term events, rather than 'ordinary' Natufian household trash. Taking into account the special depositional context and site characteristics, we interpret the fauna as the intentionally-gathered and buried remains of simple funerary feasts. Elaborate mortuary behavior and symbolic role of food refuse were recently suggested at the contemporaneous cave of Hilazon Tachtit (Israel). The new data from Ragefet Cave probably reflect a somewhat different type of communal meals, adding to the diversity and complexity of pre-agricultural life-ways in the Levant. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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