A pressurized ammonia-fueled anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell: Power performance and electrochemical impedance measurements

Ammonia is recognized as a useful fuel for high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell with advantages over hydrogen. The challenge of ammonia solid oxide fuel cell is its performance durability especially at elevated operating pressure, which motivates this work to measure power and impedance of a pressurized anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell (530-mu m-Ni-YSZ/3-mu m-YSZ/15-mu m-LSC-GDC) using ammonia as a fuel at both 1 atm and 3 atm, each pressure with three operating temperatures (750, 800, 850 degrees C). Results show that both pressurization and increasing temperature enhance the ammonia-fueled cell power densities which are closely matching with that of hydrogen, indicating an almost 100% ammonia conversion to hydrogen and nitrogen at T >= 750 degrees C. From Bode and Nyquist plots, we find that the polarization impedance is primarily contributed by the gas diffusion impedance with summit frequencies around 5-24 Hz and secondarily due to the gas conversion with summit frequencies around 0.03-0.07 Hz. When pressure increases, the gas diffusion impedance decreases noticeably, while the gas conversion impedance increases slightly. Moreover, a stability test shows little degradation even at 3 atm, suggesting that pressurized ammonia solid oxide fuel cell is feasible for future development of the hybrid power system integrating with micro gas turbines.