期刊
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
卷 380, 期 -, 页码 194-201出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.01.088
关键词
Lithium ion batteries; Lithium distribution; Transition metal dissolution; Laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry; Pressure influence
资金
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [03X4632]
In this study, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is applied to previously aged carbonaceous anodes from lithium ion batteries (LIBs). These electrodes are treated by cyclic aging in a lithium ion cell set-up against Li1 [Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3]O-2 = NMC111 to elucidate factors that influence transition metal dissolution (TMD) of the cathode and subsequent deposition on the anode. The investigations are carried out by qualitatively visualizing the 7Li and TM patterns (Ni-60, Mn-55 and Co-59) of whole coin and pouch-bag electrodes. The lithium, as well as the TM amount, found on the anode, is directly correlated to the applied upper cut-off voltage (4.6, 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 V) showing more deposition of Li and TMs at elevated voltages. While 7Li shows a more homogeneous pattern, the TM distribution is inhomogeneous but showing a similar pattern for all TMs of the same sample. An unequal pressure distribution, resulting in a nonparallel electrode alignment, on the electrode stack is identified to be responsible for the inhomogeneous TM deposition pattern. This uneven electrode orientation results in different diffusion pathways for the TM migration with regard to the spatial distances.
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