Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits autophagy through regulation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways in a pressure-overload heart failure rat model

Objective This study was designed to explore the relationship between ginsenoside Rb1 (Grb1) and high-load heart failure (HF) in rats. Methods The parameters of cardiac systolic function (left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular internal diastolic diameter (LVID), fraction shortening (FS) and mitral valves (MVs)) of rat hearts in each group were inspected by echocardiogram. The expressions of rat myocardial contractile proteins, autophagy-related proteins and the activation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways were detected by Western blot. Key findings LVPWT, FS, MVs and the expression of myocardial contractile proteins alpha-MHC, apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2 and signalling pathway involved proteins pAkt and mTOR were significantly reduced in the HF, HF+5 mg/kg Grb1 (HF+Grb1-5) and HF+Grb1+arachidonic acid (AA) groups with LVID, beta-MHC, cell apoptosis, cell autophagy and Rho/ROCK significantly increased compared with the control group, of which the tendency was contrary to the HF+20 mg/kg Grb1 (HF+Grb1-20) group compared with the HF group (P<0.05). In the HF+Grb1+AA group, there was no significant change in the above indexes compared with the HF group. Conclusions The results indicated that Grb1 can exert anti-HF function by inhibiting cardiomyocyte autophagy of rats through regulation of Rho/ROCK and PI3K/mTOR pathways.