期刊
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
卷 148, 期 4, 页码 573-580出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy014
关键词
high-density lipoproteins; diet; dairy; cheese; butter; saturated fatty acids; monounsaturated fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; cholesterol efflux capacity; J774 macrophages
资金
- National Dairy Council
- Dairy Research Cluster Initiative [Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada]
- Dairy Research Cluster Initiative [Dairy Farmers of Canada (DFC)]
- Dairy Research Cluster Initiative [Canadian Dairy Network]
- Dairy Research Cluster Initiative [Canadian Dairy Commission]
Background: Recent evidence suggests that the association between dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and coronary artery disease risk varies according to food sources. How SFAs from butter and cheese influence HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), a key process in reverse cholesterol transport, is currently unknown. Objective: In a predefined secondary analysis of a previously published trial, we have examined how diets rich in SFAs from either cheese or butter influence HDL-mediated CEC, compared with diets rich in either monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Methods: In a randomized crossover controlled consumption trial, 46 men and women with abdominal obesity consumed 5 isocaloric diets, each for 4 wk. Two diets were rich in SFAs either from cheese (CHEESE) or butter (BUTTER) [12.4-12.6% of energy (% E) as SFAs, 32% E as fat, 52% E as carbohydrates]. In 2 other diets, SFAs (5.8% E) were replaced with either MUFAs from refined olive oil (MUFA) or PUFAs from corn oil (PUFA). Finally, a lower fat and carbohydrate diet was used as a control (5.8% E as SFAs, 25.0% E as fat, 59% E as carbohydrates; CHO). Post-diet HDL-mediated CEC was determined ex vivo using radiolabelled J774 macrophages incubated with apolipoprotein B-depleted serum from the participants. Results: Mean (+/- SD) age was 41.4 +/- 14.2 y, and waist circumference was 107.6 +/- 11.5 cm in men and 94.3 +/- 12.4 cm in women. BUTTER and MUFA increased HDL-mediated CEC compared with CHEESE (+4.3%, P = 0.026 and +4.7%, P = 0.031, respectively). Exploring the significant diet x sex interaction (P = 0.044) revealed that the increase in HDL-mediated CEC after BUTTER compared with CHEESE was significant among men (+6.0%, P = 0.047) but not women (+2.9%, P = 0.19), whereas the increase after MUFA compared with CHEESE was significant among women (+9.1%, P = 0.008) but not men (-0.6%, P = 0.99). Conclusion: These results provide evidence of a food matrix effectmodulating the impact of dairy SFAs on HDL-mediated CEC with potential sex-related differences that deserve further investigation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02106208.
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