4.7 Article

The Stress-Induced Transcription Factor NR4A1 Adjusts Mitochondrial Function and Synapse Number in Prefrontal Cortex

期刊

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 38, 期 6, 页码 1335-1350

出版社

SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2793-17.2017

关键词

dendritic spines; mitochondria; prefrontal cortex; pyramidal neurons; stress

资金

  1. INSERM AVENIR
  2. Marie Curie Action grant
  3. Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale
  4. National Institutes of Health [5P30-AG-008051-23, AG-043375, AG-017617, AG-014449]
  5. Forest
  6. Lilly
  7. Sunovion
  8. BMS-Foundation
  9. Merck
  10. Pfizer
  11. Johnson Johnson
  12. Bristol-Myers Squibb
  13. Taisho
  14. Lundbeck
  15. Asubio
  16. Neurogen
  17. Hoffman-La Roche
  18. Sepracor
  19. Wyeth

向作者/读者索取更多资源

The energetic costs of behavioral chronic stress are unlikely to be sustainable without neuronal plasticity. Mitochondria have the capacity to handle synaptic activity up to a limit before energetic depletion occurs. Protective mechanisms driven by the induction of neuronal genes likely evolved to buffer the consequences of chronic stress on excitatory neurons in prefrontal cortex (PFC), as this circuitry is vulnerable to excitotoxic insults. Little is known about the genes involved in mitochondrial adaptation to the buildup of chronic stress. Using combinations of genetic manipulations and stress for analyzing structural, transcriptional, mitochondrial, and behavioral outcomes, we characterized NR4A1 as a stress-inducible modifier of mitochondrial energetic competence and dendritic spine number in PFC. NR4A1 acted as a transcription factor for changing the expression of target genes previously involved in mitochondrial uncoupling, AMP-activated protein kinase activation, and synaptic growth. Maintenance of NR4A1 activity by chronic stress played a critical role in the regressive synaptic organization in PFC of mouse models of stress (male only). Knockdown, dominant-negative approach, and knockout of Nr4a1 in mice and rats (male only) protected pyramidal neurons against the adverse effects of chronic stress. In human PFC tissues of men and women, high levels of the transcriptionally active NR4A1 correlated with measures of synaptic loss and cognitive impairment. In the context of chronic stress, prolonged expression and activity of NR4A1 may lead to responses of mitochondria and synaptic connectivity that do not match environmental demand, resulting in circuit malfunction between PFC and other brain regions, constituting a pathological feature across disorders.

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