Environmental taxes and economic growth: Evidence from panel causality tests

The aim of this study is to determine the causal relationship between environmental taxes and economic growth, using different measures of environmental taxes with GDP as well as adjusted net savings. A panel of European countries and a separate panel of OECD countries are used from 1995 to 2006 and the standard Granger non-causality approach is applied. The results suggest some evidence of long-run causality running from economic growth to increased revenue from the environmental taxes, with also some evidence of short-run causality in the reverse direction. The inclusion of population and a proxy for economic subsidies had little effect on the long-run relationship, although the proxy for subsidies did have some short-run effect on growth. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.