期刊
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
卷 549, 期 -, 页码 295-305出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.016
关键词
Reverse electrodialysis (RED); Salinity gradient power (SGP); Ion exchange membrane; Sodium hypochlorite; Chlorination mechanism
资金
- Strategic Research Theme (Clean Energy) - University of Hong Kong (HKU)
- Seed Fund for Incubating Group-based Collaborative Research Projects - Collaborative Research Fund - University of Hong Kong (HKU)
- Seed Fund for Basic Research at the HKU [201411159110]
We performed chlorination experiments to understand the impact of hypochlorite exposure on both cation exchange membranes (CEMs) and anion exchange membranes (AEMs) regarding their properties and performance in a reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack. Changes in membrane morphology, surface elemental composition and chemical bounding suggested the chlorine incorporation in the form of C-Cl bonds and side-chain cleavage of -SO3- or -NR3+ containing molecular fractions. These observations were further supported by observed increases in hydrophobicity and decreases in fixed charged groups of the membranes, respectively. Compared to CEMs, AEMs were less chlorine resistant such that the development of more extensive cracks in the membrane structure further increased water content and dramatically decreased membrane conductivity. The performance of both chlorinated CEMs and AEMs were tested in an RED stack and the results showed the reduced RED power density was largely attributed to the deteriorated electrical properties of AEMs.
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