THE IMPACT OF VALVULAR PATHOLOGIES ON HEART RATE, THE SECOND HEART SOUND SPLIT, AND SYSTOLIC PULMONARY ARTERIAL PRESSURE

The heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration; the study of this variation and the change of the second heart sound split (a change related to inspiration and expiration) can determine at what time in a cardiac cycle is the inspiration and the expiration. It would also be interesting to study the variation in systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) estimated over several cardiac cycles and to understand its evolution as its variation is related to the pulmonary valve, on the one hand, and inspiration and expiration, on the other hand. The algorithm developed based on the Hilbert transform and the energy of Shannon gives the second heart sound split. The SPAP will be estimated from spectral parameters of the second heart S2. The results show an excellent performance of the algorithm proposed to extract different information on the variation of heart rate. The results of the change in pressure and split are encouraging and promising for the use of the proposed method in a clinical context of hypertension in non-invasive pulmonary pathways, for example.