期刊
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
卷 50, 期 3, 页码 922-933出版社
AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC
DOI: 10.1037/a0034242
关键词
imitation; developmental differences; social cognition
资金
- Division Of Behavioral and Cognitive Sci
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie [1023179] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
This study asked whether children's tendency to imitate selectively (ignore causally unnecessary actions) versus faithfully (overimitate causally unnecessary actions) varies across ages and social contexts. In the first experiment, 2-year-olds and 4-year-olds were randomly assigned to play 1 of 3 prior games with a demonstrator: a mimicry game, an instrumental game, or a noninteractive control game. They then participated in a puzzle-box imitation task in which the demonstrator performed 1 causally necessary and 1 unnecessary action to retrieve an object. Whereas 4-year-olds imitated faithfully across all conditions, 2-year-olds were more likely to imitate faithfully after a mimicry game and to imitate selectively after an instrumental game. Experiment 2 showed no effect of playing a mimicry game with a different experimenter prior to the imitation trials, thus ruling out 2-year-olds' faithful imitation being the result of motor priming or training effects. The results are discussed in terms of children's social affiliation and social-cognitive inferences.
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