期刊
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
卷 42, 期 5, 页码 1527-1536出版社
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063266
关键词
stratus; fog; urban heat island; coastal California; climate change
资金
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University
- NSF award EASM2: Linking Nearterm Future Changes in Weather and Hydroclimate in Western North America to Adaptation for Ecosystem and Water Management
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [1243204] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Subtropical marine stratus clouds regulate coastal and global climate, but future trends in these clouds are uncertain. In coastal Southern California (CSCA), interannual variations in summer stratus cloud occurrence are spatially coherent across 24 airfields and dictated by positive relationships with stability above the marine boundary layer (MBL) and MBL height. Trends, however, have been spatially variable since records began in the mid-1900s due to differences in nighttime warming. Among CSCA airfields, differences in nighttime warming, but not daytime warming, are strongly and positively related to fraction of nearby urban cover, consistent with an urban heat island effect. Nighttime warming raises the near-surface dew point depression, which lifts the altitude of condensation and cloud base height, thereby reducing fog frequency. Continued urban warming, rising cloud base heights, and associated effects on energy and water balance would profoundly impact ecological and human systems in highly populated and ecologically diverse CSCA.
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