Critical overview of emission calculation models in order to evaluate their potential use in estimation of Greenhouse Gas emissions from in port truck operations

Transport is the fastest growing emission sector with road transport subsector to consist the largest contributor to global warming. Heavy Duty Vehicles used for freight transportation in particular, are responsible about 6% of total EU emissions. Main objective of this study is to perform the first critical review of the most well known, used and cited emission calculation models and evaluate their potential use in estimation of Greenhouse Gas emissions from port truck operations. These operations, which mainly include container transport by heavy duty vehicle, are characterized by frequent stop and go motions due to traffic congestion, low speeds and heavy idling. In total, 10 models were presented, reviewed, analyzed and compared for the first time. This review showed that two of the models that appear more frequently are MOVES and COPERT, and both of them are considered appropriate for use in case on in-port operations. However, analysis also showed that these models do not include parameters that are considered crucial in cases of truck operations in port terminals, such as the effect of frequent stop and go motions due to traffic congestion resulting from waiting queues in port gates and drop-off/pick up points. Thus in order for either model to be used successfully in port truck operations, modifications are needed. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.