期刊
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
卷 169, 期 -, 页码 130-137出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2018.02.002
关键词
-
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST 105-2111-M-231-001, MOST 106-2111-M-231-001, MOST 106-2811-M-008-055]
The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Es-layer characteristics on spread-F generation in the nighttime midlatitude ionosphere. The Es-layer parameters and spread-F appearance of the 23rd solar cycle (1996-2008) are recorded by the Kokubunji ionosonde. The Es-layer parameters are foEs (critical frequency of Es-layer), fbEs (blanketing frequency of Es-layer), and Delta f (equivalent to foEs-fbEs). In order to completely explore the effects, the pre-midnight and post-midnight data are classified by seasons, solar activities, and geomagnetic conditions. Results show that the spread-F occurs more frequently in post-midnight and in summer. And, the occurrence probabilities of spread-F are greater, when the solar activity is lower. For the occurrence probabilities of spread-F versus foEs and Delta f under geomagnetic quiet conditions, the trend is increasing, when the associated probabilities are significant. These indicate that the spread-F occurrence increases with increasing foEs and/or Delta f. Further, the increasing trends demonstrate that polarization electric fields generated in Es-layer would be helpful to generate spread-F, through the electrodynamical coupling of Es-layer and F-region. Moreover, this electrodynamical coupling is efficient not only under quiet-conditions but under disturbed conditions, since the significant increasing trend can also be found under disturbed-conditions. Regarding the occurrence probabilities of spread-Fversus fbEs, the evident trends are not in the majority. This implies that fbEs might not be a major factor for the spread-F formation.
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