期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 19, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041115
关键词
glioma; AXL/EZH2; epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); phenotypic shift; cancer stem cells; microRNA; exosomes; invasion/metastasis
资金
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [MOST 106-2320-B-303-001-MY3, MOST 106-2320-B-303-002-MY3]
Malignant tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are among cancers with the poorest prognosis, indicated by their association with tumors of high-level morbidity and mortality. Gliomas, the most common primary CNS tumors that arise from neuroglial stem or progenitor cells, have estimated annual incidence of 6.6 per 100,000 individuals in the USA, and 3.5 per 100,000 individuals in Taiwan. Tumor invasion and metastasis are the major contributors to the deaths in cancer patients. Therapeutic goals including cancer stem cells (CSC), phenotypic shifts, EZH2/AXL/TGF-beta axis activation, miRNAs and exosomes are relevant to GBM metastasis to develop novel targeted therapeutics for GBM and other brain cancers. Herein, we highlight tumor metastasis in our understanding of gliomas, and illustrate novel exosome therapeutic approaches in glioma, thereby paving the way towards innovative therapies in neuro-oncology.
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