Skin-care effects of dandelion leaf extract and stern extract: Antioxidant properties, tyrosinase inhibitory and molecular docking simulations

This work aimed to assess the skin-care effects of dandelion leaf extract (DLE) and dandelion stem extract (DSE), including the phenolic acids identification, antioxidation evaluation, tyrosinase inhibitory and docking simulations study. Results showed that DSEEW (50% ethanol-water extract of DSE) dominated 86.7 mg/g of caffeic acid while DLE was of 2.34 mg/g chologenic acid. DSEEW possessed a similar reducing power with DLEEW (50% ethanol-water extract of DLE), and presented a good performance on anti-DPPH center dot capacity and O-2(-)center dot scavenging despite of being inferior to Vc and DLEEW. Moreover, DSEEW indicated the strongest behavior on UVA and UVB absorption but was weaker than chlorogenic acid. Additionally, DSEEW (IC50 = 0.48 mg/mL) showed the strongest tyrosinase inhibitory, although it was worse than kojic acid (IC50 = 0.063 mg/mL). Molecular docking simulation results indicated caffeic acids in DSEEW presented their inhibitory mechanism mainly via hydrogen bonding interaction with GLy165 and Pro160 of tyrosinase.