期刊
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
卷 53, 期 1, 页码 275-296出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JSSC.2017.2757009
关键词
Lidar; nonlinear digital-to-analog converter (DAC); optical beam steering; optical beamforming; optical phased array; silicon photonics; silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS; thermo-optic modulation
资金
- Viterbi Postdoctoral Fellowship
- MOSIS Service
A large-scale monolithic silicon nanophotonic phased array on a chip creates and dynamically steers a high-resolution optical beam in free space, enabling emerging applications in sensing, imaging, and communication. The scalable architecture leverages sub-array structure, mitigating the impact of process variation on the phased array performance. In addition, sharing control electronics among multiple optical modulators in the scalable architecture reduces the number of digital-to-analog converters (DACs) required for an N-2 array from O(N-2) to O(N), allowing a small silicon footprint. An optical phased array for 1550-nm wavelength with 1024 uniformly spaced optical grating antennas, 1192 optical variable phase shifters, and 168 optical variable attenuators is integrated into a 5.7 mm x 6.4 mm chip in a commercial 180-nm silicon-on-insulator RF CMOS technology. The control signals for the optical variable phase shifters and attenuators are provided by 136 DACs with 14-bit nonuniform resolution using 2.5-V input-output transistors. The implemented phased array can create 0.03 degrees narrow optical beams that can be steered unambiguously within +/- 22.5 degrees.
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