Cerebral Fungal Infection in Pediatric Cancer Patients

Invasive fungal disease (IFD) significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality in pediatric cancer patients, especially in those with acute leukemia and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cerebral fungal infections are a particular severe form of IFD, as they are difficult to diagnose and require aggressive treatment, and cure rates are still unacceptably low. Here, we review the current data on epidemiology, diagnosis, and the management of cerebral fungal infection in pediatric cancer patients and outline important questions which have to be addressed by further research.