期刊
FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
卷 69, 期 -, 页码 159-169出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.08.004
关键词
Aflatoxins; Aspergillus flavus; Calmodulin gene; Castanea sativa; Ehrlich test; Pathogenicity
资金
- Piedmont Region, with the AFLACHEST project (PSR FEASR, European Fund for Rural Development, Measure 124, Action 1)
- CRT Foundation, with the INNOCHEST - Innovative technologies to guarantee the quality and safety of Piedmontese chestnuts project
An extensive sampling of Aspergillus section Flavi considered to be the main agent responsible for aflatoxin contamination, was carried out in the field and along the processing phases of chestnut flour production in 2015. Fifty-eight isolates were characterized by means of biological, molecular and chemical assays. The highest incidence of Aspergillus section Flavi was found in the field. The identification of the isolates was based on beta-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences. A. flavus was found to be the dominant species, and this was followed by A. oryzae var effusus, A. tamarii, A. parasiticus and A. toxicarius. Nineteen percent of the strains produced aflatoxins in vitro and forty percent in vivo. The pathogenicity assay on chestnut showed 56 virulent strains out of 58. The molecular, morphological, chemical and biological analyses of A. flavus strains showed an intraspecific variability. These results confirm that a polyphasic approach is necessary to discriminate the species inside the Aspergillus section Flavi. The present research is the first monitoring and characterization of aflatoxigenic fungi from fresh chestnut and the chestnut flour process, and it highlights the risk of a potential contamination along the whole chestnut production chain. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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