期刊
FEBS LETTERS
卷 592, 期 21, 页码 3480-3492出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13193
关键词
complexin; neurotransmitter; peptide hormone; SNARE; vesicle fusion; synaptotagmin-1
资金
- EMBO Installation Grant [3265]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) from the Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1A6A3A03010747]
Vesicles in neurons and neuroendocrine cells store neurotransmitters and peptide hormones, which are released by vesicle fusion in response to Ca2+-evoking stimuli. Synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1), a Ca2+ sensor, mediates ultrafast exocytosis in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. After vesicle docking, Syt1 has two main groups of binding partners: anionic phospholipids and the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) complex. The molecular mechanisms by which Syt1 triggers vesicle fusion remain controversial. This Review introduces and summarizes six molecular models of Syt1: (a) Syt1 triggers SNARE unclamping by displacing complexin, (b) Syt1 clamps SNARE zippering, (c) Syt1 causes membrane curvature, (d) membrane bridging by Syt1, (e) Syt1 is a vesicle-plasma membrane distance regulator, and (f) Syt1 undergoes circular oligomerization. We discuss important conditions to test Syt1 activity in vitro and attempt to illustrate the possible roles of Syt1.
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