期刊
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
卷 91, 期 -, 页码 80-88出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2017.10.008
关键词
AdBlue; Crystallization; Wettability; Thermodynamics
资金
- Alexander von Humboldt (AvH) foundation
- European Research Council (ERC) under ERC Grant [341225]
The injection of urea-water-solution sprays in the exhaust pipe of modern diesel engines eliminates NOx emissions in a very great extent. However, as water evaporates from the solution, urea is crystallized and causes wall deposit formations hindering the performance of selective-catalytic-reaction. In this study, the crystallization of urea from an evaporative aqueous solution droplet placed on a heated wall is experimentally investigated, aiming to understand macroscopically the morphology of crystal growth at various conditions. Using optical and thermal imaging, urea crystallization patterns are examined at sub-boiling temperatures and substrates with different wettability. In all cases, the macroscopic initiation of crystal growth starts at the solid-liquid interface when urea concentration has reached supersaturated conditions. The experiments indicate two different crystallization modes depending on surface temperature and wettability as well as a significant heat release at the solidification front due the exothermic character of the process.
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