期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 52, 期 4, 页码 1919-1928出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05439
关键词
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资金
- Swiss Parliament via the National Research Program (NRP) 69 Healthy Nutrition and Sustainable Food Production (SNSF grant) [406940_145195/1]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [406940_145195] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- STFC [ST/P003257/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The application of mineral phosphate (P) fertilizers leads to an unintended Cd input into agricultural systems, which might affect soil fertility and quality of crops. The Cd fluxes at three arable sites in Switzerland were determined by a detailed analysis of all inputs (atmospheric deposition, mineral P fertilizers, manure, and weathering) and outputs (seepage water, wheat and barley harvest) during one hydrological year. The most important inputs were mineral P fertilizers (0.49 to 0.57 g Cd ha(-1) yr(-1)) and manure (0.20 to 0.91 g Cd ha(-1) yr(-1)). Mass balances revealed net Cd losses for cultivation of wheat (-0.01 to -0.49 g Cd ha(-1) yr(-1)) but net accumulations for that of barley (+0.18 to +0.71 g Cd ha(-1) yr(-1)). To trace Cd sources and redistribution processes in the soils, we used natural variations in the Cd stable isotope compositions. Cadmium in seepage water (delta Cd-114/110 = 0.39 to 0.79 parts per thousand) and plant harvest (0.27 to 0.94 parts per thousand) was isotopically heavier than in soil (-0.21 to 0.14 parts per thousand). Consequently, parent material weathering shifted bulk soil isotope compositions to lighter signals following a Rayleigh fractionation process (epsilon approximate to 0.16). Furthermore, soil plant cycling extracted isotopically heavy Cd from the subsoil and moved it to the topsoil. These long-term processes and not anthropogenic inputs determined the Cd distribution in our soils.
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