Diphenyl diselenide regulates Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling pathway and counteracts hepatic oxidative stress induced by bisphenol A in male mice

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical toxicant that has deleterious effects on human. BPA causes oxidative stress in tissues, including the liver. Diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)(2) improves the antioxidant response via activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (keap 1) pathway in macrophage cells. In the present study, we investigated whether (PhSe)(2) counteracts hepatic oxidative stress induced by BPA in male and female Swiss mice. Three-week-old mice received by the intragastric (i.g.) route BPA (5 mg/ kg) from 21st to 60th postnatal day (PND). At PND 61, the mice were treated with (PhSe)(2) (1 mg/kg, i.g.) for seven days. Parameters of hepatic damage and oxidative stress were determined in male and female mice. The results show that BPA increased the activity of aspartate aminotransferase in female mice, and in male mice the activity of alanine aminotranseferase was increased. Male and female mice had an increase in fat mass accumulation. Male mice showed an increase in hepatic oxidative damage of proteins and a decrease in non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid and non-protein thiol) and enzymatic (superoxide dismutase) defenses, which are consistent with oxidative stress status. Male mice were more susceptible than female mice to hepatic oxidative stress induced by BPA. BPA decreased Nrf2/Keap1 protein content in male mice. (PhSe)(2) reduced hepatic oxidative stress induced by BPA in male mice. Our results demonstrate that male mice were more susceptible to hepatic oxidative stress induced by BPA than female mice. (PhSe)(2) regulated Nrf2/Keap-1 signaling pathway and countered hepatic oxidative stress induced by BPA in male mice.