期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
卷 164, 期 -, 页码 417-429出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.013
关键词
Phthalic acid esters; Soil pollution; Spatial distribution; Uptake; Human exposure
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41573087, 41471265, 41773108]
- NSFC Guangdong Joint Fund [U1501233]
- Research Team Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [2016A030312009]
- Program of the Guangdong Science and Technology Department [2016B020242005, 2015B020235008, 2015A030313418]
- Earmarked Fund of Integrate Microbiology Research Center [IM20170105]
Phthalates (PAEs) are extensively used as plasticizers and constitute one of the most frequently detected organic contaminants in the environment. With the deterioration of eco-environment in China during the past three decades, many studies on PAE occurrence in soils and their risk assessments have been conducted which allow us to carry out a fairly comprehensive assessment of soil PAE contamination on a nation-wide scale. This review combines the updated information available associated with PAE current levels, distribution patterns (including urban soil, rural or agricultural soil, seasonal and vertical variations), potential sources, and human health exposure. The levels of PAEs in soils of China are generally at the high end of the global range, and higher than the grade II limits of the Environmental Quality Standard for soil in China. The most abundant compounds, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), display obvious spatial distribution in different provinces. It is noted that urbanization and industrialization, application of plastic film (especially plastic film mulching in agricultural soil) and fertilizer are the major sources of PAEs in soil. Uptake of PAEs by crops, and human exposure to PAEs via ingestion of soil and vegetables are reviewed, with scientific gaps highlighted.
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