期刊
WORLD JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS
卷 7, 期 7, 页码 999-1009出版社
BAISHIDENG PUBLISHING GROUP INC
DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i7.999
关键词
Apoptosis; Autophagy; Cancer; Cardiovascular; Erythropoietin; Mechanistic target of rapamycin; Neurodegeneration; Progenitor stem cells; Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog; Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway; Wnt
资金
- American Diabetes Association
- American Heart Association
- NIH NIEHS
- NIH NIA
- NIH NINDS
- NIH ARRA
Stem cells offer great promise for the treatment of multiple disorders throughout the body. Critical to this premise is the ability to govern stem cell pluripotency, proliferation, and differentiation. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), 289-kDa serine/threonine protein kinase, that is a vital component of mTOR Complex 1 and mTOR Complex 2 represents a critical pathway for the oversight of stem cell maintenance. mTOR can control the programmed cell death pathways of autophagy and survival and be reliant upon proliferative pathways that include Wnt signaling, Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 (WISP1), silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (SIRT1), and trophic factors. mTOR also is a necessary component for the early development and establishment of stem cells as well as having a significant impact in the regulation of the maturation of specific cell phenotypes. Yet, as a proliferative agent, mTOR can not only foster cancer stem cell development and tumorigenesis, but also mediate cell senescence under certain conditions to limit invasive cancer growth. mTOR offers an exciting target for the oversight of stem cell therapies but requires careful consideration of the diverse clinical outcomes that can be fueled by mTOR signaling pathways.
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