期刊
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
卷 283, 期 -, 页码 931-948出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.115
关键词
Porous carbon; Non-aqueous and ionic liquid based electrolyte; Supercapacitor; Gravimetric and volumetric energy and power densities
资金
- EU through the European Regional Development Fund under project TK117 [3.2.0101-0030]
- EU through the European Regional Development Fund under project TK 141 [2014-2020.4.01.15-0011]
- EU through the European Regional Development Fund under project NAMUR [3.2.0304.12-0397]
- Higher education specialisation stipends in smart specialisation growth areas [2014-2020.4.02.16-0026]
- Estonian Research Council [IUT20-13, IUT20-57, PUT55, PUT1033]
- European Spallation Source: Estonian Participation in ESS Instrument design, development and building and application for scientific research [SLOKT12026T, SLTKT16432T]
- Graduate School of Functional materials and technologies from the European Regional Development Fund in University of Tartu, Estonia
Influence of specific surface area (S-DFT), total pore volume (V-tot) and other porosity characteristics on the electrochemical parameters and power density of two electrode electric double layer capacitors based on 1 M 3-ethyl-methylammonium tetrafluoroborate (Et3MeNBF4) solution in acetonitrile and on l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EtMeImBF(4)) has been analysed. The pore size distribution data calculated from nitrogen, CO2 and Ar adsorption isotherms using mainly Carbon 2D non-local density functional theory for heterogeneous surface (2D-NLDFT-HS) model have been compared with crystallographic characteristics obtained by Raman, X-ray diffraction, photoelectron spectroscopy, etc. methods. It was shown that, chemical composition and crystallographic structure of precursor material, synthesis and activation conditions have decisive influence on the shape (spherical, cylindrical or slit-shape pores) and hierarchical porous structure and electrical conductivity of the carbon materials. Noticeable increase in series and parallel capacitances from 50 to 138 Fg(-1) in 1M Et3MeNBF4 and up to 155 Fg(-1) in EtMeImBF(4), gravimetric power density (up to 35kWkg(-1)) and volumetric power density (up to 25 kW dm(-3), both at discharge time 3.6 s in 1 M Et3MeNBF4 + AN electrolyte) for optimised EDLC has been demonstrated. For EtMeImBF(4) based cells lower gravimetric (25kWkg(-1)) and volumetric (10kWdm(-3)) power densities have been achieved. For completing the EDLCs with high power and energy densities, highly micro-and mesoporous materials with optimum specific surface area (1200 -1500 m(2) g(-1)) but maximum (meso) pore volume (V-tot > 1.5 cm(3) g(-1)) should be applied. Only for optimised EDLCs the very short characteristic charging/discharging times (lower than 0.3 s in Et3MeNBF4 + AN and 1.0 s in EtMeImBF(4)) can be achieved. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (htttp://creativecommons.orig/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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