Biomacromolecular Based Fibers in Nanomedicine: A Combination of Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering

Background: Biopolymers based materials (polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) are one of the basic resources in bio-engineering sciences because of desirable features. Moreover, nanobiotechnology innovates nanomaterial and associated technique in nano medicine (drug delivery and tissue engineering). Methods: In the nano-medicine, fibers are introduced as a successful biomimetic extracellular matrix scaffolds and drug carrier systems. Electrospinning as a simple and cost-effective technique is used to design nanofibers. Natural polymers including chitosan, alginic acid, hyaluronic acid, collagen, gelatin, and albumin are excellent candidates for electrospinning. However, these types of biopolymers typically have difficulty in electrospinning. Results: Therefore, for spinning of these polymers, the condition of the procedure including solvent, copolymer addition, cross-linker addition, and optimization of spinning should be done. Conclusion: The present study gathered information about fiber-based nanodevices from biopolymers in a drug transportation or tissue engineering.