Episodic syndromes of childhood associated with migraine

Purpose of review This review covers recent advances in our understanding of episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine in children and adolescents, as well as what is known about the treatment of these disorders. Recent findings The episodic syndromes include benign paroxysmal torticollis, benign paroxysmal vertigo, abdominal migraine, and cyclic vomiting syndrome. Infant colic, or excessive crying in an otherwise healthy and well fed infant, may also fit into this category and is included in the appendix section of the most recent edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Summary Episodic syndromes are considered to be early life expressions of migraine in the developing brain. Additional research is needed to determine, which acute and preventive treatments are the most effective in managing these disorders.