期刊
COMPUTERS & FLUIDS
卷 170, 期 -, 页码 197-212出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.04.026
关键词
DSMC; Hypersonics; AMR; Morton-Z space filling curve; MPI; Performance optimization; Strong scaling; Weak scaling; Shock wave boundary layer interactions; Double wedge; Non-equilibrium; Relaxation; Gas-surface interactions; Slip
资金
- National Science Foundation [OCI-0725070, ACI-1238993]
- state of Illinois
- AFOSR [FA9550-11-1-0129]
- Caltech [2010-06171-01]
An efficient, new DSMC framework based on AMR/octree unstructured grids is demonstrated for the modeling of near-continuum, strong shocks in hypersonic flows. The code is able to capture the different length scales in such flows through the use of a linearized representation of the unstructured grid using Morton-Z space filling curve for efficient access of collision cells. Strategies were developed to achieve a strong scaling of nearly ideal speed up to 4096 processors and 87% efficiency (weak scaling) for 8192 processors for a strong shock created by flow over a hemisphere. To achieve these very good scalings, algorithms were developed to weight the computational work of a processor by the use of profiled run time data, create maps to optimize processor point-to-point communications, and efficiently generate new DSMC particles every time step. Rigorous thermal non-equilibrium required for modeling high Mach number shocks was achieved through the accurate modeling of collision temperatures on a sampling grid designed to be compatible with the above approaches. The simulation of a nitrogen flow over a double wedge configuration for near-continuum conditions revealed complex hypersonic SWBLIs as well as three-dimensional gas-surface kinetic effects such as velocity and temperature slip. The simulations showed that three-dimensional effects are important in predicting the size of the separation bubble, which in turn, influences gas-surface measurements such as pressure and heat flux. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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