期刊
CHEMSUSCHEM
卷 11, 期 5, 页码 872-880出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201702354
关键词
biomass conversion; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrothermal synthesis; titania; Lewis acids
资金
- LNLS/CNPEM
- CNPq
- ERC Consolidator Grant (LIGNINFIRST) [725762]
Hybrid organic-inorganic anatase (hybrid-TiO2) is prepared by a facile hydrothermal synthesis method employing citric acid. The synthetic approach results in a high surface-area nanocrystalline anatase polymorph of TiO2. The uncalcined hybrid-TiO2 is directly studied as a catalyst for the conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In the presence of the hybrid-TiO2, HMF yields up to 45% at glucose conversions up to 75% were achieved in water at 130 degrees C in a monophasic batch reactor. As identified by Ti K-edge XANES, hybrid-TiO2 contains a large fraction of fivefold coordinatively unsaturated Ti-IV sites, which act as the Lewis acid catalyst for the conversion of glucose into fructose. As citric acid is anchored in the structure of hybrid-TiO2, carboxylate groups seem to catalyze the sequential conversion of fructose into HMF. The fate of citric acid bound to anatase and the Ti-IV Lewis acid sites throughout recycling experiments is also investigated. In a broader context, this contribution outlines the importance of hydrothermal synthesis for the creation of water-resistant Lewis acid sites for the conversion of sugars. Importantly, the use of the hybrid-TiO2 with no calcination step contributes to dramatically decreasing the energy consumption in the catalyst preparation.
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