Metal Contamination in Fruit Juices in Turkey: Method Validation and Uncertainty Budget

The consumption rate of fruit juices has rapidly increased in the past years. In this study, the detailed discussion of method validation and uncertainty calculations and then the evaluation of concentrations of Ag, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Pb, Se, and V determined in 42 commercial fruit juice samples by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were presented. The samples were digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide in a microwave oven. In order to verify the recovery of the proposed method, standard reference material was used. The recovery values changed between 83 and 118 %. The average precision values for all elements were determined as the relative standard deviation RSD (%) in the range of 1.3 and 2.9 %. Applying the bottom-up method, it was found that the main contributions to the combined uncertainty came from the calibration curve and the method recovery. The concentrations of all metals did not exceed the international and Turkish codex values.