Synchronous neuroendocrine tumor and non-small-cell lung cancer in neurofibromatosis type 1

Key Clinical Message Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a common cancer predisposing condition. Tumors, particularly gastrointestinal tumors, are commonly associated with NF1 but are not widely known. In addition, the relationship between lung cancer and neurofibromatosis has been controversial until recently with the discovery of oncogenes such as p53.