Sb doping of VLS synthesized SnO2 nanowires probed by Raman and XPS spectroscopy

We here report the growth and structural characterization of Sb-doped SnO2 nanowires synthesized by Vapor-Liquid-Solid technique using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. Both X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy exhibited typical features of the rutile phase of SnO2 nanowires for all samples. The analysis of XPS confirmed the Sb doping effectiveness. In addition, Raman spectra revealed inactive modes (242 and 284 cm (1)) attributed to local structural disorder caused by the incorporation of the dopant into the SnO2 lattice and leading to the breakdown of the Raman selection rules. (C) 2018 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.