Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Modeling of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Natural Dye from Swietenia mahagony: A comparation Between Box-Behnken and Central Composite Design Method

The increasing demand of non-toxic and environmentally friendly dyes, colorants that come from natural source have risen as an alternative of sintetic poisonous dyes. In this research natural dye from S. mahagony was extracted using microwave-assisted extraction method under different operating condition such as extraction time (10-30 min), plant material to solvent ratio (0.03-0.05 g/mL) and microwave power level (100-380 watt). Box-Behnken method and central composite design (CCD) method is widely used for modeling response surface methodology (RSM), both methods show good prediction performance. In this study response surface methodology was performed to optimize the process, both methods were performed by the help Statgraphics Centurion 16 to evaluate the effects of different operating parameters. Finally, both methods were statistically compared by root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute average deviation (AAD) based on validation data set. Further, result suggests that CCD has better performance as compared to Box-Behnken method. The maximum yield obtained for Box-Behnken is 3.7647% (380 watt, 0.0339 g/mL, 28.8899 min) and 3.7506% (379.986 watt, 0.0378 g/mL, 30 min) for central composite design method.