Role of europium on WO3 performance under visible-light for photocatalytic activity

Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes in wastewater using visible light illumination is a green technology which requires efficient visible-light driven active catalytic material. For this, we have reported a novel visible light active Eu/WO(3)system with variation in europium contents (0, 2%, 4% and 6% Eu), which demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of various organic dyes including methylene blue (MB), methyl orange ((MO) and rhodamine B (RhB). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), UV visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used for the characterization of nanostructures. The results showed that Eu has effective role in modifying the structural, morphological and optical properties of WO3 photocatalyst. Moreover, the photocatalytic performance of WO3 was improved due to incorporation of Eu. From results, it was seen that photocatalytic activity increases with increasing Eu concentration upto 4%, however, further increase in Eu concentration (6%) has decreased the performance under these condition for all dyes. The enhanced photocatalytic efficiency could be attributed to suppressed recombination of charge carriers and enhanced visible light absorption and increased BET surface area due to Eu doping into WO3 photocatalyst. The as-synthesized nanostructures will be considered as a promising photocatalytic materials for the future research in this field.