Nitrogen-doped carbon materials

Nitrogen-doped carbon materials are reviewed by focusing on their preparation and applications. Their preparation is described in the order of graphene, carbon nanotube and fibers, porous carbons and carbon blacks, because the investigations working on graphene have taught us many fundamental information on N-doping, though historically graphene has been developed the most recently. On their applications, fuel cells and lithium-sulfur batteries are emphasized because the applications of N-doped carbons in these devices are highly promising. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.