Infrared thermal imaging during ultrasonic aspiration of bone

Ultrasonic surgical aspirator tips target removal of bone in approaches to tumors or aneurysms. Low profile angled tips provide increased visualization and safety in many high risk surgical situations that commonly were approached using a high speed rotary drill. Utilization of the ultrasonic aspirator for bone removal raised questions about relative amount of local and transmitted heat energy. In the sphenoid wing of a cadaver section, ultrasonic bone aspiration yielded lower thermal rise in precision bone removal than rotary mechanical drills, with maximum temperature of 31 degrees C versus 69 degrees C for fluted and 79 degrees C for diamond drill bits. Mean ultrasonic fragmentation power was about 8 Watts. Statistical studies using tenacious porcine cranium yielded mean power levels of about 4.5 Watts to 11 Watts and mean temperature of less than 41.1 degrees C. Excessively loading the tip yielded momentary higher power; however, mean thermal rise was less than 8 degrees C with bone removal starting at near body temperature of about 37 degrees C. Precision bone removal and thermal management were possible with conditions tested for ultrasonic bone aspiration. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.