期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 816, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/23
关键词
galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: ISM
资金
- California Institute of Technology
- University of California
- NASA
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences [1312780, 1312547] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1312764, 1055081, 1313171] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Using observations from the MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field survey, we investigate the physical conditions of star-forming regions in z similar to 2.3 galaxies, specifically the electron density and ionization state. From measurements of the [O II]lambda lambda 3726,3729 and [S II]lambda lambda 6716,6731 doublets, we find a median electron density of similar to 250 cm(-3) at z similar to 2.3, an increase of an order of magnitude compared to measurements of galaxies at z similar to 0. While z similar to 2.3 galaxies are offset toward significantly higher O-32 values relative to local galaxies at fixed stellar mass, we find that the high-redshift sample follows a similar distribution to the low-metallicity tail of the local distribution in the O-32 versus R-23 and O3N2 diagrams. Based on these results, we propose that z similar to 2.3 star-forming galaxies have the same ionization parameter as local galaxies at fixed metallicity. In combination with simple photoionization models, the position of local and z similar to 2.3 galaxies in excitation diagrams suggests that there is no significant change in the hardness of the ionizing spectrum at fixed metallicity from z similar to 0 to z similar to 2.3. We find that z similar to 2.3 galaxies show no offset compared to low-metallicity local galaxies in emission line ratio diagrams involving only lines of hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, but show a systematic offset in diagrams involving [N II]lambda 6584. We conclude that the offset of z similar to 2.3 galaxies from the local star-forming sequence in the [N II] BPT diagram is primarily driven by elevated N/O at fixed O/H compared to local galaxies. These results suggest that the local gas-phase and stellar metallicity sets the ionization state of star-forming regions at z similar to 0 and z similar to 2.
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