Total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of sperm exhibiting phospholipase C zeta are significantly correlated with fertilization rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Objective: To study the relationship of total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of sperm exhibiting phospholipase C zeta, with fertilization rates after in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Design: Laboratory study; controls vs. patients after IVF (n = 27) or ICSI (n = 17) treatment. Setting: Fertility center. Patient(s): A total of 44 semen samples, subjected to either IVF or ICSI treatment. Oocyte collection, ICSI or IVF, determination of sperm concentration and motility, and immunocytochemical analyses of phospholipase C zeta (PLCz). Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Percentages of sperm exhibiting PLCz. Result(s): Significant positive correlation between ICSI fertilization rates and total levels, localization patterns, and the proportion (percentage) of sperm exhibiting PLCz. Total levels, localization patterns, and the proportion of sperm exhibiting PLCz are correlated with fertilization rates for ICSI, but not for IVF. Conclusion(s): Evaluating total levels, localization patterns, and proportions of PLCz may represent a useful diagnostic tool for clinical purposes in men for whom IVF is not advised or has previously failed. This clinical study further supports the fundamental role of PLCz in the oocyte activation process. (C) 2015 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.