Bioprospection of Eugenia brasiliensis, a Brazilian native fruit, as a source of anti-inflammatory and antibiofilm compounds

The anti-inflammatory and antibiofilm activities as well as toxicity and chemical profile of Eugenia brasiliensis pulp extract (EBE), were evaluated. EBE chemical profile and phenolic content were determined by LC-MS/MS. EBE was tested for its in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, including TNF-alpha release, NF-kB activation, neutrophil migration and paw edema. The MIC/MBC and antibiofilm activities were tested against methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Streptococcus mutans, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. EBE acute toxicity was evaluated in Galleria mellonella and RAW 264.7 macrophage. EBE total phenolic content was 389.88 +/- 3.48 mg GAE/g with identified polyphenols. EBE decreased TNF-alpha release in vivo and in vitro, NF-kB activation, neutrophil influx into peritoneal cavity, and it showed maximal inhibition of paw edema after 2 h. MIC of EBE ranged from 62.5-500 mu g/mL while MBC values were > 500 mu g/mL, with a decrease in L. acidophilus biofilm formation. EBE showed negligible toxicity in larvae and macrophage cells. Our findings open new perspectives concerning EBE application as source of anti-inflammatory and antibiofilm molecules as a functional food, pharmaceutical lead or agribusiness commodity.