期刊
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
卷 1863, 期 9, 页码 1041-1056出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.06.002
关键词
Hepatitis C virus; Lipidomics; Fatty acid elongases and desaturases; Virus replication; Membranous web; Lipid droplets
资金
- DFG [HE 6889/ 2-1]
- German Centre of Infection Research, BMBF [TTU 02.704]
- Cluster of Excellence DFG [EXC 306]
- Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
- Federal Ministry of Health
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle is tightly linked to the host cell lipid metabolism with the endoplasmic reticulum-derived membranous web harboring viral RNA replication complexes and lipid droplets as virion assembly sites. To investigate HCV-induced changes in the lipid composition, we performed quantitative shotgun lipidomic studies of whole cell extracts and subcellular compartments. Our results indicate that HCV infection reduces the ratio of neutral to membrane lipids. While the amount of neutral lipids and lipid droplet morphology were unchanged, membrane lipids, especially cholesterol and phospholipids, accumulated in the microsomal fraction in HCV-infected cells. In addition, HCV-infected cells had a higher relative abundance of phosphatidylcholines and triglycerides with longer fatty acyl chains and a strikingly increased utilization of C18 fatty acids, most prominently oleic acid (FA [18:1]). Accordingly, depletion of fatty acid elongases and desaturases impaired HCV replication. Moreover, the analysis of free fatty acids revealed increased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) caused by HCV infection. Interestingly, inhibition of the PUFA synthesis pathway via knockdown of the rate-limiting Delta 6-desaturase enzyme or by treatment with a high dose of a small-molecule inhibitor impaired viral progeny production, indicating that elevated PUFAs are needed for virion morphogenesis. In contrast, pretreatment with low inhibitor concentrations promoted HCV translation and/or early RNA replication. Taken together our results demonstrate the complex remodeling of the host cell lipid metabolism induced by HCV to enhance both virus replication and progeny production.
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