期刊
BEHAVIOR GENETICS
卷 48, 期 2, 页码 135-146出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10519-018-9887-1
关键词
Self-control; Self-report; Teacher-report; Parent-report; ASEBA; Heritability
资金
- Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [024.001.003]
- VU University
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [NWO 463-06-001, NWO-VENI 451-04-034]
- European Union [602768]
- NWO [406-15-132]
This study used a theoretically-derived set of items of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment to develop the Achenbach Self-Control Scale (ASCS) for 7-16 year olds. Using a large dataset of over 20,000 children, who are enrolled in the Netherlands Twin Register, we demonstrated the psychometric properties of the ASCS for parent-, self- and teacher-report by examining internal and criterion validity, and inter-rater and test-retest reliability. We found associations between the ASCS and measures of well-being, educational achievement, and substance use. Next, we applied the classical twin design to estimate the genetic and environmental contributions to self-control. Genetic influences accounted for 64-75% of the variance in self-control based on parent- and teacher-report (age 7-12), and for 47-49% of the variance in self-control based on self-report (age 12-16), with the remaining variance accounted by non-shared environmental influences. In conclusion, we developed a validated and accessible self-control scale, and show that genetic influences explain a majority of the individual differences in self-control across youth aged 7-16 years.
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