期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW E
卷 93, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.93.042901
关键词
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资金
- NSF-DMR [0905880, 1409093, 1206351]
- NSF-DMS [1248071]
- NASA [NNX15AD38G]
- W. M. Keck foundation
- NSF-PHY [1125915]
- Chinese 1000-Plan (C) fellowship
- Shanghai Pujiang Program [13PJ1405300]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11474196]
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1125915] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [0905880, 1409093] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences [1248071] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1206351] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Physics [1125915] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Solids are distinguished from fluids by their ability to resist shear. In equilibrium systems, the resistance to shear is associated with the emergence of broken translational symmetry as exhibited by a nonuniform density pattern that is persistent, which in turn results from minimizing the free energy. In this work, we focus on a class of systems where this paradigm is challenged. We show that shear-driven jamming in dry granular materials is a collective process controlled by the constraints of mechanical equilibrium. We argue that these constraints can lead to a persistent pattern in a dual space that encodes the statistics of contact forces and the topology of the contact network. The shear-jamming transition is marked by the appearance of this persistent pattern. We investigate the structure and behavior of patterns both in real space and the dual space as the system evolves through the rigidity transition for a range of packing fractions and in two different shear protocols. We show that, in the protocol that creates homogeneous jammed states without shear bands, measures of shear jamming do not depend on strain and packing fraction independently but obey a scaling form with a packing-fraction-dependent characteristic strain that goes to zero at the isotropic jamming point phi(J). We demonstrate that it is possible to define a protocol-independent order parameter in this dual space, which provides a quantitative measure of the rigidity of shear-jammed states.
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