期刊
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
卷 197, 期 -, 页码 79-88出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.01.019
关键词
Acute toxicity; 17 beta-estradiol; Acetylcholinesterase activity; Glutathione; Endocrine disruption
资金
- California Department of Boating and Waterways [C1370030]
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service [F15AP00771]
- China Scholarship Council
Concerns regarding non-target toxicity of new herbicides used to control invasive aquatic weeds in the San Francisco Estuary led us to compare sub-lethal toxicity of four herbicides (penoxsulam, imazamox, fluridone, and glyphosate) on an endangered fish species Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus). We measured 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations in liver, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain of female and male fish after 6 h of exposure to each of the four herbicides. Our results indicate that fluridone and glyphosate disrupted the E2 concentration and decreased glutathione concentration in liver, whereas penoxsulam, imazamox, and fluridone inhibited brain AChE activity. E2 concentrations were significantly increased in female and male fish exposed to 0.21 mu M of fluridone and in male fish exposed to 0.46, 4.2, and 5300 mu M of glyphosate. GSH concentrations decreased in males exposed to fluridone at 2.8 mu M and higher, and glyphosate at 4.2 mu M. AChE activity was significantly inhibited in both sexes exposed to penoxsulam, imazamox, and fluridone, and more pronounced inhibition was observed in females. The present study demonstrates the potential detrimental effects of these commonly used herbicides on Delta Smelt.
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