期刊
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 38
卷 38, 期 -, 页码 153-172出版社
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051841
关键词
carotenoid oxygenases; eccentric cleavage; nonenzymatic cleavage; metabolism; mammals
资金
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD057493, R01 HD083331, R13 HD095646] Funding Source: Medline
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R13HD095646, R01HD057493, R01HD083331] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Apocarotenoids are cleavage products of C40 isoprenoid pigments, named carotenoids, synthesized exclusively by plants and microorganisms. The colors of flowers and fruits and the photosynthetic process are examples of the biological properties conferred by carotenoids to these organisms. Mammals do not synthesize carotenoids but obtain them from foods of plant origin. Apocarotenoids are generated upon enzymatic and nonenzymatic cleavage of the parent compounds both in plants and in the tissues of mammals that have ingested carotenoid-containing foods. The best-characterized apocarotenoids are retinoids (vitamin A and its derivatives), generated upon central oxidative cleavage of provitamin A carotenoids, mainly beta-carotene. In addition to the well-known biological actions of vitamin A, it is becoming apparent that nonretinoid apocarotenoids also have the potential to regulate a broad spectrum of critical cellular functions, thus influencing mammalian health. This review discusses the current knowledge about the generation and biological activities of nonretinoid apocarotenoids in mammals.
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