期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
卷 314, 期 4, 页码 H693-H703出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00570.2017
关键词
blood-brain barrier; brain endothelium; cerebrovasculature; mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin; rapamycin
资金
- William & Ella Owens Medical Research Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science Award
- US Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Service Merit Review Award [I01 BX002211-01A2]
- Alzheimer's Association Research Fellowship [AARF-17-504221]
- National Institute on Aging (NIA) Grant [T32 AG-021890]
- NIA [T32 AG-021890]
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development Career Development Award [(CDA-2) IK2 BX003798-01A1]
- San Antonio Nathan Shock Center of Excellence in the Biology of Aging (NIA Grant) [2-P30 AG-013319-21]
- San Antonio Medical Foundation
- JMR Barker Foundation
- Robert L. Bailey and daughter Lisa K. Bailey Alzheimer's Fund
- NIH [R01 AG-047879, R01 AG-038747, T32 AG-052363, 3-P30 AG-050911-02S1, R01-NS-056218]
- Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology
An intact blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits entry of proinflammatory and neurotoxic blood-derived factors into the brain parenchyma. The BBB is damaged in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which contributes significantly to the progression of AD pathologies and cognitive decline. However, the mechanisms underlying BBB breakdown in AD remain elusive, and no interventions are available for treatment or prevention. We and others recently established that inhibition of the mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway with rapamycin yields significant neuroprotective effects, improving cerebrovascular and cognitive function in mouse models of AD. To test whether mTOR inhibition protects the BBB in neurological diseases of aging, we treated hAPP(J20) mice modeling AD and low-density lipoprotein receptor-null (LDLR-/-) mice modeling vascular cognitive impairment with rapamycin. We found that inhibition of mTOR abrogates BBB breakdown in hAPP(J20) and LDLR-/- mice. Experiments using an in vitro BBB model indicated that mTOR attenuation preserves BBB integrity through upregulation of specific tight junction proteins and downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity. Together, our data establish mTOR activity as a critical mediator of BBB breakdown in AD and, potentially, vascular cognitive impairment and suggest that rapamycin and/or rapalogs could be used for the restoration of BBB integrity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This report establishes mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin as a critical mediator of blood-brain barrier breakdown in models of Alzheimer's disease and vascular cognitive impairment and suggests that drugs targeting the target of rapamycin pathway could be used for the restoration of blood-brain barrier integrity in disease states.
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