The rs10401670 variant in resistin gene improved insulin resistance response and metabolic parameters secondaries to weight loss after a hypocaloric diet

Background: The SNP 30UTR C/T (rs10401670), it is a polymorphism that has been associated with diabetes mellitus and it has been scarcely studied before. As far as we know, no studies on interaction among diet intervention, rs10401670 variant of RETN and metabolic response has been realized. Objective: Our aim was to analyze the effects of the rs10401670 RETN gene polymorphism on insulin resistance response and metabolic changes secondary to weight loss after 3 months of a hypocaloric diet in adults obese patients without diabetes mellitus. Design: A Caucasian population of 135 obese patients without diabetes mellitus was analyzed. Before and after 3 months on a low fat hypocaloric diet, an anthropometric evaluation, an assessment of nutritional intake and a biochemical analysis were performed. The statistical analysis was performed for the combined CT and TT as a group (minor allele group) and wild type CC as second group (major allele group) (dominant model). Results: Forty nine patients (36.3%) had the genotype CC (major allele group) and 86 (63.7%) patients had the next genotypes; CT (67 patients, 49.6%) or TT (19 patients, 14.1%) (minor allele group). After dietary treatment and in major allele group, weight, BMI, fat mass, systolic blood pressure and waist circumference decreases were similar than minor allele group. In T allele carriers, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels decreased significantly. In non T allele carriers and after dietary treatment, only LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol decreased. In non T Allele carriers, the decrease in total cholesterol was -15.1 +/- 18.3 mg/dl (decrease in T Allele carriers -18.3 +/- 15.7 mg/dl: p > 0.05), LDL-cholesterol was -14.3 +/- 18.5 mg/dl (decrease in T Allele carriers -17.3 +/- 10.1 mg/dl: p > 0.05), fasting glucose plasma -2.2 +/- 1.5 mg/dL (decrease in T Allele carriers -4.8 +/- 1.2 mg/dL: p = 0.02), insulin -1.1 +/- 2.0 mUI/L (decrease in T Allele carriers -6.3 +/- 1.9 mUI/L: p = 0.001) and HOMA-IR -0.2 +/- 1.0 (decrease in T Allele carriers -1.8 +/- 1.4: p = 0.005). Leptin levels decrease in both genotypes after dietary treatment (-21.1 +/- 8.5 ng/dL in nonT Allele carriers vs -16.2 +/- 10.2 ng/dL in T Allele carriers: p > 0.05). Resistin remained unchanged in both groups. Conclusion: In our study in non-diabetic obese subjects, we describe an association of rs10401670T allele with a better metabolic response (glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR) secondary to weight loss with a hypocaloric diet. (c) 2016 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.