Fabrication of copper-based ZnO nanopencil arrays with high-efficiency dropwise condensation heat transfer performance

Here, we report a type of copper-based zinc oxide nanopencil array film with high-efficiency dropwise condensation heat transfer (DCHT) performance, which can be obtained by wet-chemistry crystal growth and silane modification. Compared with a hydrophobic flat Cu surface, the nanostructure exhibits a condensate microdrop self-propelling function and maximal similar to 140% enhancement in DCHT coefficient.