Prediction of the Risk for Essential Hypertension among Carriers of C825T Genetic Polymorphism of G Protein β3 (GNB3) Gene

BACKGROUND: The guanine nucleotide-binding protein beta polypeptide 3 (GNB3) 825T allele encodes a product that enhances the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins, which is associated with the occurrence of the splice variant G beta 3 s that could play a role in vascular reactivity and hyperproliferation of smooth muscle cells, that makes such proteins attractive candidate gene products for susceptibility to essential hypertension (EH). Objective: To predict the risk for EH in individuals with C825T genetic polymorphism of G protein beta 3 gene. Methods: The study consisted of 222 normotensive individuals and 216 hypertensive patients. Individuals were genotyped for C825T genetic polymorphism of G protein beta 3 gene rs5443 by using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Frequencies of C and T alleles were 58.1% and 41.9%, respectively, in the control group compared with 47.7% and 52.3%, respectively, in the hypertensive group. The carriers of rs5443 (T) allele exhibited a significant greater risk for EH compared with the carriers of rs5443 (C) allele (odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-2.0). Conclusion: T allele is a risk factor for EH in the Egyptian population, which may be used as a prognostic and a therapeutic target of prophylaxis.