期刊
ACS NANO
卷 12, 期 8, 页码 8572-8578出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04190
关键词
liquid-phase TEM; isotope effect; single molecule; beam damage; heavy water; radical scavengers
类别
资金
- Korean Institute for Basic Science [IBS-R020-D1]
Use of electron-based microscopy in aqueous media has been held back because aqueous samples tend to suffer from water radiolysis and other chemical degradation caused by the high energy of incident electrons. Here we show that aqueous liquid pockets in graphene liquid cells at room temperature display significantly improved stability when using deuterated water, D2O. Reporting transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments based on common imaging conditions, we conclude that use of D2O outperforms adding radical scavengers to H2O regardless of imaging details; it increases the lifetime of dissolved organic macromolecules by a factor of 2-5, and it delays by even longer the appearance of radiolysis-induced bubbles, by a factor of time up to 10. We quantify statistically the consequences of minimizing the electron voltage and dose and conclude that the D2O environment increases sample longevity without noticeable sacrifice of contrast that is critical for direct imaging of weakly scattering organic macromolecules and biomolecules.
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