期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 10, 期 25, 页码 21335-21342出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b05618
关键词
electrospinning; phosphorus-doped; hard carbon nanofibers; electrochemical performances; sodium-ions batteries
资金
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB251100]
Phosphorus-doped hard carbon nanofibers with macroporous structure were successfully synthesized by electrospinning followed by a thermal treatment process using polyacrylonitrile and H3PO4 as carbon and phosphorus precursors, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals that the doped phosphorus atoms can incorporate into the carbon framework and most of them are connecting with carbon atoms to form P-C bond. The (002) plane interlayer spacing was taken from the X-ray diffraction pattern, which shows a large spacing of 3.83 angstrom for the obtained P-doped hard carbon nanofibers. When used as an anode in sodium-ion batteries, the as-prepared P-doped hard carbon nanofibers can deliver a reversible capacity of 288 and 103 mAh g(-1) at a current density of 50 mA g(-1) and 2 A g(-1), respectively. After 200 cycles at 50 mA g(-1), the capacity retention of P-doped hard carbon nanofibers still reaches 87.8%, demonstrating good cycling durability. These excellent electrochemical performances of P-doped hard carbon nanofibers can be attributed to the macroporous structure, large interlayer spacing, and the formation of P-C bond.
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